预写性:多维减非线性弹性模型

文章将出现在软题https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SM00664F)

尺寸递减非线性弹性模型

凯文洛格朗德(1 2)ravi Shankar(3)和KaushikDayal

卡内基梅隆大学土木工程系

2CCDC陆军研究实验室信息科学局

匹兹堡大学工业工程系3

4Center非线性分析系卡内基梅隆大学数学系

5机械工程系卡内基梅隆大学

抽象性

Liquid Crystalline Elastomers (LCEs) are active materials that are of interest due to their programmable response to various external stimuli such as light and heat. When exposed to these stimuli, the anisotropy in the response of the material is governed by the nematic director, which is a continuum parameter that is defined as the average local orientation of the mesogens in the liquid crystal phase. This nematic director can be programmed to be heterogeneous in space, creating a vast design space that is useful for applications ranging from artificial ligaments to deployable structures to self-assembling mechanisms. Even when specialized to long and thin strips of LCEs -- the focus of this work -- the vast design space has required the use of numerical simulations to aid in experimental discovery. To mitigate the computational expense of full 3-d numerical simulations, several dimensionally-reduced rod and ribbon models have been developed for LCE strips, but these have not accounted for the possibility of initial transverse curvature, like carpenter's tape spring. Motivated by recent experiments showing that transversely-curved LCE strips display a rich variety of configurations, this work derives a dimensionally-reduced 1-d model for pre-curved LCE strips. The 1-d model is validated against full 3-d finite element calculations, and it is also shown to capture experimental observations, including tape-spring-like localizations, in activated LCE strips.