亲爱的Ting，

感谢领导一个很好的和及时的讨论，突出了原位纳米力学的前沿。您在二维材料方面的合作工作以及朱教授领导的工作代表了该领域一些令人兴奋的领域。特别是，量化纳米结构中小群体(甚至单一)缺陷的作用的重要性已经受到越来越多的关注，有趣的是，注意到一些材料受到预先存在的缺陷的显著影响，而另一些材料似乎具有强大的缺陷容错性。我认为，发展一些预测能力来决定，一种先天的，内在的损伤容忍度，是一个令人兴奋的追求。这个主题很好地融入了当前iMechanica期刊主题离散位错动力学，由El-Awady教授领导。

为了继续你和Yong在该领域开始的新的实验发展，我想强调几个简洁的例子:

• 纳米结构表面的电化学控制。考虑到自由表面(或界面)在控制纳米结构性质方面的主导作用，一个令人兴奋的实验领域是表面电荷/氧化态可以电化学调节。这对于受表面应力影响的性质(如表面位错成核、分子吸附焓和速率、催化活性、弹性)尤为重要。Jörg Weißmüller教授和他的同事们报道了纳米多孔金属表面的电化学控制，这导致了弹性和塑性行为的巨大变化(参见，例如，Acta Mater. 61 (2013) 6301;科学300 (2003)312)
• <强>新颖原位散射方法。 The use of x-ray (both monochromatic and polychromatic), neutron, and visible light scattering experiments during in situ deformation have resulted in key contributions to our understanding of structure property relationships in materials. Spatially resolving features at the nanoscale, though, has generally been a limitation relative to high energy electron probes. Several groups have recently reported on the use of highly coherent X-ray diffraction (available at several large synchrotron facilities around the world), which following phase reconstruction of the scattering signals, allow for unprecdented spatial resolution and quantification of a good portion of the strain tensor. (See, e.g. Nano Letters 13 (2013) 1883; J. Synch. Rad. 19 (2012) 688).
• Coupled in situ testing and strain engineering. Many have already highlighted the importance of simultaneously measuring quantities from different physical fields (e.g. electromechanical coupling) for both emerging devices and for a richer understanding of atomic-scale behavior. In parallel, the large range of elastic strain that many nanostructures exhibit has been identified as a means to tune other functional properties, as nicely reviewed in a recent MRS Bulletin issue (guest edited by Ju Li, En Ma, and Zhiwei Shan). Several groups (including Yong's, Prof. Espinosa's at Northwestern, Prof. Kraft's at KIT, and many others) have shown interesting results on the coupling between mechanical and electrical fields in single nanowires. I'd like to highlight a recent study from our own research group (experiments led by Kate Murphy) showing the coupling between strain and thermal conductivity in individual Si nanowires (Nano Letters, ASAP ).